AWS Lambda mit Laravel: Serverless PHP in der Praxis

# Vapor CLI installieren
composer global require laravel/vapor-cli
 
# In Ihrem Laravel-Projekt
composer require laravel/vapor
 
# Mit Vapor-Account verbinden
vapor login

vapor init

# vapor.yml
id: 12345
name: meine-app
environments:
  production:
    memory: 1024
    cli-memory: 512
    runtime: 'php-8.3:al2'
    build:
      - 'composer install --no-dev'
      - 'npm ci && npm run build'
    deploy:
      - 'php artisan migrate --force'
 
  staging:
    memory: 512
    runtime: 'php-8.3:al2'
    database: my-staging-db

# vapor.yml
environments:
  production:
    database: my-production-db
 
databases:
  my-production-db:
    engine: 'mysql-8.0'
    class: 'db.t3.micro'
    storage: 20
    autoscaling: true

# vapor.yml
environments:
  production:
    queues:
      - default
      - notifications
    queue-memory: 512
    queue-timeout: 60

# Staging deployen
vapor deploy staging
 
# Production deployen
vapor deploy production

// config/filesystems.php
'disks' => [
    's3' => [
        'driver' => 's3',
        'key' => env('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'),
        'secret' => env('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'),
        'region' => env('AWS_DEFAULT_REGION'),
        'bucket' => env('AWS_BUCKET'),
    ],
],
 
// Vapor nutzt S3 für File-Uploads
// /tmp ist das einzige beschreibbare Verzeichnis in Lambda

// app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php
public function boot(): void
{
    // Assets von CloudFront laden wenn in Vapor
    if ($this->app->environment('production') && isset($_ENV['VAPOR_ARTIFACT_NAME'])) {
        URL::forceRootUrl(config('app.asset_url'));
    }
}

composer require bref/bref bref/laravel-bridge
 
# Serverless Framework installieren
npm install -g serverless

# serverless.yml
service: meine-laravel-app
 
provider:
  name: aws
  region: eu-central-1
  runtime: provided.al2
  environment:
    APP_ENV: production
    APP_DEBUG: false
    LOG_CHANNEL: stderr
    SESSION_DRIVER: cookie
    CACHE_DRIVER: dynamodb
    QUEUE_CONNECTION: sqs
 
plugins:
  - ./vendor/bref/bref
 
functions:
  web:
    handler: public/index.php
    runtime: php-83-fpm
    timeout: 28
    memorySize: 1024
    events:
      - httpApi: '*'
 
  artisan:
    handler: artisan
    runtime: php-83-console
    timeout: 720
    memorySize: 512
 
  queue:
    handler: Bref\LaravelBridge\Queue\QueueHandler
    runtime: php-83
    timeout: 60
    memorySize: 512
    events:
      - sqs:
          arn: !GetAtt JobsQueue.Arn
          batchSize: 1
 
resources:
  Resources:
    JobsQueue:
      Type: AWS::SQS::Queue
      Properties:
        QueueName: ${self:service}-jobs
        VisibilityTimeout: 120
 
    CacheTable:
      Type: AWS::DynamoDB::Table
      Properties:
        TableName: ${self:service}-cache
        AttributeDefinitions:
          - AttributeName: key
            AttributeType: S
        KeySchema:
          - AttributeName: key
            KeyType: HASH
        BillingMode: PAY_PER_REQUEST

// config/cache.php
'dynamodb' => [
    'driver' => 'dynamodb',
    'key' => env('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'),
    'secret' => env('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'),
    'region' => env('AWS_DEFAULT_REGION', 'eu-central-1'),
    'table' => env('DYNAMODB_CACHE_TABLE', 'cache'),
    'endpoint' => env('DYNAMODB_ENDPOINT'),
],

// config/session.php
// Für Stateless APIs: Token-basierte Auth nutzen
// Für Sessions: Cookie-Driver oder DynamoDB
 
'driver' => env('SESSION_DRIVER', 'cookie'),

# Deployment
serverless deploy
 
# Nur Code aktualisieren (schneller)
serverless deploy function -f web
 
# Logs anzeigen
serverless logs -f web -t
 
# Artisan-Befehle ausführen
vendor/bin/bref cli meine-laravel-app-production-artisan -- migrate --force

// config/opcache-preload.php
<?php
require_once __DIR__ . '/../vendor/autoload.php';
 
// Framework-Klassen vorladen
$preloadClasses = [
    \Illuminate\Foundation\Application::class,
    \Illuminate\Http\Request::class,
    \Illuminate\Http\Response::class,
    \Illuminate\Routing\Router::class,
    \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model::class,
];
 
foreach ($preloadClasses as $class) {
    if (class_exists($class)) {
        // Klasse wird durch class_exists geladen
    }
}

; php.ini für Lambda (via Layer)
opcache.enable=1
opcache.enable_cli=1
opcache.preload=/var/task/config/opcache-preload.php
opcache.preload_user=root

# In Ihrem Build-Prozess
php artisan config:cache
php artisan route:cache
php artisan view:cache
php artisan event:cache

# vapor.yml
environments:
  production:
    build:
      - 'composer install --no-dev --optimize-autoloader'
      - 'php artisan config:cache'
      - 'php artisan route:cache'
      - 'php artisan view:cache'

// composer.json
{
    "autoload": {
        "classmap": [
            "database/factories",
            "database/seeders"
        ],
        "psr-4": {
            "App\\": "app/"
        },
        "exclude-from-classmap": [
            "tests/"
        ]
    }
}

# Development-Dependencies entfernen
composer install --no-dev --optimize-autoloader
 
# Unnötige Dateien entfernen
rm -rf tests/ .git/ node_modules/

# serverless.yml
functions:
  web:
    provisionedConcurrency: 5  # 5 warme Instanzen

// app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php
public function register(): void
{
    // Services erst laden wenn benötigt
    $this->app->singleton(HeavyService::class, function ($app) {
        return new HeavyService();
    });
}

// app/Http/Controllers/Api/ProductController.php
namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api;
 
use App\Models\Product;
use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
 
class ProductController extends Controller
{
    public function index(): JsonResponse
    {
        // Cache für 5 Minuten (Lambda-freundlich)
        $products = Cache::remember('products.all', 300, function () {
            return Product::with(['category', 'images'])
                ->active()
                ->orderBy('created_at', 'desc')
                ->limit(100)
                ->get();
        });
 
        return response()->json([
            'data' => $products,
            'meta' => [
                'cached_at' => now()->toIso8601String(),
            ]
        ]);
    }
 
    public function show(string $slug): JsonResponse
    {
        $cacheKey = "products.{$slug}";
 
        $product = Cache::remember($cacheKey, 300, function () use ($slug) {
            return Product::with(['category', 'images', 'reviews'])
                ->where('slug', $slug)
                ->firstOrFail();
        });
 
        return response()->json(['data' => $product]);
    }
}

// app/Jobs/ProcessImageUpload.php
namespace App\Jobs;
 
use App\Models\Image;
use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Storage;
use Intervention\Image\Facades\Image as ImageProcessor;
 
class ProcessImageUpload implements ShouldQueue
{
    use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;
 
    public int $tries = 3;
    public int $timeout = 60;
 
    public function __construct(
        public Image $image,
        public string $s3Key
    ) {}
 
    public function handle(): void
    {
        // Bild von S3 laden
        $originalImage = Storage::disk('s3')->get($this->s3Key);
 
        // In /tmp speichern (einziger beschreibbarer Ort in Lambda)
        $tempPath = '/tmp/' . basename($this->s3Key);
        file_put_contents($tempPath, $originalImage);
 
        // Thumbnails erstellen
        $sizes = [
            'thumb' => [150, 150],
            'medium' => [600, 400],
            'large' => [1200, 800],
        ];
 
        foreach ($sizes as $name => [$width, $height]) {
            $resized = ImageProcessor::make($tempPath)
                ->fit($width, $height)
                ->encode('webp', 85);
 
            $newKey = str_replace(
                basename($this->s3Key),
                "{$name}_" . pathinfo($this->s3Key, PATHINFO_FILENAME) . '.webp',
                $this->s3Key
            );
 
            Storage::disk('s3')->put($newKey, $resized->getEncoded());
        }
 
        // Original als WebP speichern
        $webpImage = ImageProcessor::make($tempPath)
            ->encode('webp', 90);
 
        Storage::disk('s3')->put(
            str_replace(
                '.' . pathinfo($this->s3Key, PATHINFO_EXTENSION),
                '.webp',
                $this->s3Key
            ),
            $webpImage->getEncoded()
        );
 
        // Temp-Datei aufräumen
        unlink($tempPath);
 
        // Model aktualisieren
        $this->image->update(['processed' => true]);
    }
 
    public function failed(\Throwable $exception): void
    {
        $this->image->update([
            'processed' => false,
            'error' => $exception->getMessage(),
        ]);
    }
}

// app/Console/Kernel.php
protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule): void
{
    // Für Vapor/Bref: CloudWatch Events triggern diese
    $schedule->command('reports:daily')
        ->dailyAt('06:00')
        ->timezone('Europe/Berlin');
 
    $schedule->command('cache:prune-stale-tags')
        ->hourly();
 
    // Cleanup-Job (wichtig für /tmp in Lambda)
    $schedule->call(function () {
        $files = glob('/tmp/*');
        foreach ($files as $file) {
            if (is_file($file) && time() - filemtime($file) > 3600) {
                unlink($file);
            }
        }
    })->hourly();
}

# serverless.yml - Scheduled Events
functions:
  scheduler:
    handler: artisan
    runtime: php-83-console
    events:
      - schedule:
          rate: rate(1 minute)
          input:
            cli: "schedule:run"

// config/logging.php
'channels' => [
    'stderr' => [
        'driver' => 'monolog',
        'level' => env('LOG_LEVEL', 'debug'),
        'handler' => StreamHandler::class,
        'with' => [
            'stream' => 'php://stderr',
        ],
    ],
],

// app/Services/MetricsService.php
namespace App\Services;
 
use Aws\CloudWatch\CloudWatchClient;
 
class MetricsService
{
    private CloudWatchClient $client;
 
    public function __construct()
    {
        $this->client = new CloudWatchClient([
            'region' => config('services.aws.region'),
            'version' => 'latest',
        ]);
    }
 
    public function recordLatency(string $operation, float $milliseconds): void
    {
        $this->client->putMetricData([
            'Namespace' => 'MyApp/Performance',
            'MetricData' => [
                [
                    'MetricName' => 'OperationLatency',
                    'Dimensions' => [
                        [
                            'Name' => 'Operation',
                            'Value' => $operation,
                        ],
                    ],
                    'Value' => $milliseconds,
                    'Unit' => 'Milliseconds',
                ],
            ],
        ]);
    }
 
    public function recordColdStart(): void
    {
        $this->client->putMetricData([
            'Namespace' => 'MyApp/Lambda',
            'MetricData' => [
                [
                    'MetricName' => 'ColdStart',
                    'Value' => 1,
                    'Unit' => 'Count',
                ],
            ],
        ]);
    }
}

// app/Http/Middleware/XRayMiddleware.php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
 
use Closure;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 
class XRayMiddleware
{
    public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next)
    {
        $traceId = $request->header('X-Amzn-Trace-Id');
 
        if ($traceId) {
            // Trace-ID für Logs verfügbar machen
            config(['app.trace_id' => $traceId]);
        }
 
        return $next($request);
    }
}